Interlocking blocks and wall construction



Dec. 20, 1966 Q s s 3,292,331

INTERLOCKING BLOCKS AND WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 24, 1964 2 heets-Shee l I INVENTOR. M41 22m;-

Dec. 20, 1966 c. R. SAMS 3,292,331

INTERLOCKING BLOCKS AND WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 24, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

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. BY Awanhmawf/W 147' 7' ORNE KS United States Patent 3,292,331 INTERLOCKING BLOCKS AND WALL CONSTRUCTION Carl R. Sams, 302 Ottawa Ave., Oscoda, Mich. 48753 Filed Jan. 24, 1964, Ser. No. 339,948 1 Claim. (Cl. 52405) This invention relates to building blocks and walls made up of rigid, thermosetting plastics and polymeric material as well as other materials.

One of the prime objects of the invention is to design a building unit formed to standard dimensions, which can be readily laid up in a wall with a large percentage of inexperienced labor to minimize the cost of construction and provide simple, practical, and economical means for keying the units together in end to end relation, and the wall courses in superimposed relation, thus conserving time and considerable expense in the erection of the walls of a building.

Another object of the invention is to design a lightweight, precast block having central, vertically disposed passages therein, together with means insertable in said passages to provide a vapor-proof barrier which serves also as an insulation or temperature barrier to prevent passage of heat and/ or cold.

A further object is to provide a precast block formed of lightweight cement, plastic or other material, and provide a centrally disposed, vertical opening in each'block, which openings are disposed in vertical alignment when the blocks are laid up in a wall, so that a reinforcing bar or rod can be inserted and the opening then filled with a concrete, thus tying the courses together and forming studding to hold the blocks rigid and accurate, said studs extending from the top of the Wall into the concrete floor on which the blocks are laid.

A still further object is to provide prefabricated blocks, usable in the construction of walls for buildings in general, and to which a complete finished inside and outside coat or finish can be easily and quickly applied.

A further object still is to provide a lock block especially adaptable for forming the walls of homes, garages and buildings in general, said walls being non-load bearing, the roof load being supported on the poured studs which extend from the fioor to the top of the wall.

Still a further object is to design a novel precast block adapted to be laid up in a wall in end to end relation and in courses to provide a wall of required height, and means for securing the courses together to form studs which insure the walls remaining square and true, and eliminating cracking and/ or similar defects.

With the above and other objects in view, the present invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts, hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claim; it being understood that changes may be made in the form, size, proportion and minor details of construction, without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary, perspective view of a section of a wall showing my new blocks laid up therein.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a single precast block.

FIG. 3 is a transverse, sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of FIG. 2 and looking in direction of the arrows.

FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 2 showing a slightly different block design, with insulation panels mounted therein and a key in position in the T-shaped end slot, the broken lines illustrating the removability of the panels.

FIG. 5 is a transverse, sectional view taken on line 55 of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary, vertical, sectional view showing a floor with my new blocks laid up in a wall, and the poured, reinforcing studding which supports the roof and roof load.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of one of the keys for securing the blocks in end to end relation.

Referring now more specifically to the drawings in which I have shown the preferred embodiment of my invention and in which the numeral 10 indicates a cement floor on which the individual precast blocks B are laid, said blocks being formed of cement, plastic, epoxy resin, Styrofoam or any other polymeric materials.

This block is preferably formed to standard dimensions as used in the building industry, and T-shaped slots 11 are provided in the end walls 12 as shown, with a centrally disposed, cored passage 14 extending through said block.

Longitudinally, spaced apart, vertical passages 15 are interposed between the central passage 14 and the T- shaped slots 11 and other narrow passages 16 are disposed adjacent the inner and outer faces 17 and 18 of the block to eliminate weight and conserve material. Cylindrical cores 19 are provided adjacent the outer face 18 of the block, said face being downwardly angled as clearly shown in FIGS. 3 and 6 of the drawings for artistic purposes and to simulate conventional siding, shingles or the like.

In the erection of a wall the blocks B are laid up on the floor 10 in a course in end to end relation, with a key K inserted in the T-shaped slots 11 to hold them firmly together in the courses, each key comprising a longitudinally disposed web 20 having a transversely disposed head section 21 on each end thereof, a thin spread of mortar (not shown) is applied to the upper face of each block as usual, and these courses are laid up on each other until a wall of required height has been erected with the center passages 14 disposed in vertical alignment with each other, reinforcing rods 22 are then inserted in the continuous passage 14, after which a neat cement 23 is poured in said opening around the rods to completely fill said passages.

A face plate 24 made up of wood or the like is then laid on the upper face of upper course of blocks, and a plurality of openings (not shown) are provided in said face plate in spaced apart alignment with the upper ends of the rods which project through the face plate and are threaded as at 25 to accommodate the nuts 26 which are utilized to secure and bind the structure together.

The usual ceiling rafters 27 are provided in the building and bear on the face plate 24, and roof rafters 28 also bear on the face plate with a knee brace 29 for securing the members together. The manner of tieing the blocks and courses together, with the face plate 24, rods 22 and studding 23 give the wall ample rigidity, and the key members K lock the blocks in end to end relation, so here again, we have strength and rigidity, all with extremely lightweight material, and block units that can be easily and quickly laid up with a minimum of experienced labor, and in a minimum length of time.

Both the inner and outer wall surfaces of the block can be finished as desired, it is a matter of preference only, and a finish 30 can be placed directly on the inner face as shown, and also on the outer face if desired.

In FIGURES 4 and 5 of the drawings, I have shown a modification of the block unit, and block B being of the same shape and general dimensions and is formed with a centrally disposed, cored opening 14 as previously described. T-shaped slots 11 are also provided in the end walls for engagement by the key member K, to tie the blocks in end to end relation.

Longitudinally disposed passages 31 are provided in each block unit directly adjacent the inner and outer face of each side wall, and an asbestos slab 32 is slidably fitted in each passage, and this can be a slab of insulating material to form a heat or cold air barrier, or they can be of a material designed to form a vapor barrier.

These blocks are laid up in the same manner as those previouslytdescribed, center openings ,14 are disposed in vertical alignment to secure the concrete mixture in which the reinforcing rod is suspended; and the slabs 32 are disposed in abutting end to end relation when the blocks are laid up, the complete wall being, constructed in the same manner as previously described.

' slots of the blocks to secure the blocks in end to end From the foregoing description,it will be obvious that I have perfected a very simple, practical and economical, interlocking block structure for constructing buildings of all kinds and in which the roof load is carried by studs in the wall.

What I claim is:

A wall construction for buildings comprising, a plurality of preformed blocks, each block having a 'central, vertically disposed passagev extending therethrough; T- shaped slots in the end walls of each block; longitudinally disposed passages in said blocks adjacent the inner and relation, and vertically disposed, reinforcing means provided in said vertically disposed passages to form a rigid wall.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 716,865 12/ 1902 Choquet 52586 1,154,546 9/1915 Peters 52438 1,396,265 11/1921 Dochnal 52437 1,508,325 9/1924 1 Henderson 52437 X 1,884,319 10/1932 Smith 52438 X 2,179,407 11/ 1939 Flores 52300 X 2,212,184 8/1940 Powell 5230O X 2,291,712 8/1942 Hatton 52-586 X 2,558,630 6/1951 Stewart 52436 2,655,032 10/1953 Zagray 52589 3,112,578 12/1963 Rosenfeld 52586 X FOREIGN PATENTS 935,013 1948 France.

RICHARD W. COOKE, JR., Primary Examiner.

outer walls thereof and extendingfrom end to end of 25 JOHN E. MURTAGH, Examiner.

each block, slabs of material slidably mounted in said 

